Causes of diabetes in dogs
1. The direct cause is: insufficient secretion of insulin from the pancreas of dogs.
2. Liver disease prevents glycogen from accumulating.
3. The sugar center in the medulla oblongata is stimulated and blood sugar increases.
4. Adrenal gland, thyroid, and pituitary gland diseases, hyperfunction increases blood sugar.
5. Sedatives, anesthetics, thiazides, phenytoin and other drugs affect the release of insulin.

Symptoms of diabetes in dogs

1. The main symptoms of diabetes in dogs are irritability, thirst, polyuria, gluttony, weakness and weight loss.
2. When the condition of the sick dog is serious, the exhaled breath will smell like ketone. There were also stubborn vomiting and bloody diarrhea, which caused acidosis and finally fell into diabetic coma.
3. Blood sugar increases. Dogs usually have a blood sugar level of 75-120 mg/100 ml. In this disease, it increases to 150 mg/100 ml, and sometimes even reaches 400 mg/100 ml.
4. In the final stage, it may cause corneal ulcers, cataracts, vitreous opacity, omental detachment, blindness, skin ulcers, hair loss, heart failure, and even coma.

Treatment of dog diabetes

1. Food therapy: The basic treatment method for dog diabetes. The principle is to give low-carb foods, such as meat, milk, etc.; supplement with sufficient amounts of B Vitamins; feed regularly and quantitatively, often in small amounts.
2. Insulin therapy: Half an hour before morning feeding, subcutaneously inject intermediate-acting insulin 0.5 μg/kg body weight once a day. For sick dogs with ketoacidosis, crystallized insulin or semi-slow insulin zinc suspension can be used, with low-dose continuous intravenous infusion or low-dose intramuscular injection. The intravenous injection dose is 0.1 μg/kg body weight, and the intramuscular injection dose is 0.1 μg/kg body weight. 1 microgram for more than 3 kilograms and 2 micrograms for less than 10 kilograms.
3. Fluid therapy: Lactated Ringer's solution, 0.45% sodium chloride solution and 5% glucose solution can be used. The amount of intravenous fluid should generally not exceed 90 ml/kg of body weight. You can first inject 20-30 ml/kg of body weight, and then inject slowly. And timely supplement potassium salt.
4. Those who urgently need to control hyperglycemia and correct metabolic disorders should use fast-acting insulin; while those with stable conditions generally use long-acting or intermediate-acting insulin.
5. Oral hypoglycemic drugs: Commonly used drugs include phenylcyclohexylurea acetate, chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, and hypoglycemic drugs. It is generally limited to sick dogs whose blood sugar does not exceed 200 mg per 100 ml and is not accompanied by ketonemia.